Leaders Credit Union Blog

What Makes Up a Mortgage Payment? 4 Things You Need to Know

Written by LeadersCU | Oct 7, 2024 7:13:22 PM

Written By: Kelly Jaunet Jones

Buying a home is a significant milestone, but understanding your mortgage payment can be overwhelming. Many homebuyers need help to grasp the different components of their monthly payments and how they impact their finances. 
 
Let's simplify the process and guide you through the essentials of mortgage payments. We want you to feel confident in your homebuying journey!
 
Key Takeaways
  • Principal, interest, property taxes, and homeowners insurance may all be included in your mortgage payment.
  • Mortgage payments generally increase as the amount you borrow increases.
  • Property taxes vary depending on the state, county, and other local factors.
  • Managing your credit score, making extra payments, looking out for refinancing opportunities, and using a mortgage calculator are all ways you can stay on track with your mortgage.

What Exactly is a Mortgage Payment, and How Does It Work?

Mortgage Payment = Principal + Interest + Property Taxes + Homeowners' Insurance

Your Monthly Mortgage Payment has four parts known as PITI:

  1. Principal: This is the amount you borrowed from the lender. Each payment reduces the principal balance.
  2. Interest: This is the cost of borrowing the principal amount. The interest rate can vary based on your credit score and mortgage rates.
  3. Taxes: Property taxes are assessed by your local government and can vary widely depending on where you live.
  4. Insurance: This includes homeowners insurance to protect your home and, if applicable, Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) if your down payment was less than 20%.

How Does the Principal Amount Affect Your Overall Mortgage Payment?

During the pre-approval process, the higher the amount you borrow, the higher your payment will be. During the life of the loan, the more additional payments you make, the lower the principal will be. That could take years off your loan.

The Role of Interest in Your Monthly Mortgage Costs

Interest is a significant part of your monthly mortgage payment, especially in the early years of your loan. It calculates as a percentage of the remaining principal. Over time, as the principal decreases, the interest portion of your payment also decreases. Making extra payments can significantly reduce the total interest paid over the life of the loan.

Are Property Taxes Included in Mortgage Payments, and How Are They Calculated?

Property taxes are often included in your mortgage payment. You could pay 1/12 of your monthly yearly taxes into an escrow account. For example, let's say your yearly taxes are $1,200, and you pay $100 monthly as a part of your mortgage payment. The lenders collect these payments and hold them in an escrow account until they are due. When your taxes come due, they are paid out of your escrow account on your behalf.

To learn more about property taxes in your area, check out this article from the Tax Foundation: "Property Taxes by State and County, 2026."

Homeowners Insurance (HOI) works the same way. You could pay 1/12 of your monthly HOI premium into an escrow account. An example could be that your yearly HOI premium is $1,200, and you pay $100 monthly as a part of your mortgage payment. The lenders collect these payments and hold them in an escrow account until they are due. When your HOI premium comes due, they are paid out of your escrow account on your behalf.

Additional Tips for Managing Your Mortgage:

  • Monitor Your Credit Score: A higher credit score can help you get better mortgage rates.
  • Consider Extra Payments: Extra payments towards your principal can take years off your loan.
  • Stay Informed About Mortgage Rates: Monitor current rates to determine when it might be a good time to refinance.
  • Use a Mortgage Calculator: Mortgage calculators can help you understand how different factors affect your monthly payment.

FAQs for Understanding Mortgage Payments

Q: What is included in a mortgage payment?

A: Your mortgage payment could consist of the principal (amount borrowed from your lender), interest on your loan, property taxes, and homeowners' insurance or private mortgage insurance (PMI).

Q: Does how much I borrow affect what my monthly payment will be?

A: Yes, your monthly payment could increase if you choose to borrow more money. That's why how much you put towards your down payment could make a significant difference in what you're expected to pay each month.

Q: What impact do property taxes have on my mortgage?

A: Property taxes vary state-to-state and are one of the things that could be included in your monthly payment. Depending on what county and state you live in, these taxes will increase or decrease, so it's important that you're aware of what the rate is in the county you're buying your new home.

Q: What are some ways I can better manage my mortgage?

A: To ensure you're managing your mortgage well, be sure to consistently monitor your credit score, make extra payments to pay it off faster, be watchful for changes in rates to see if refinancing is an option, and utilize a mortgage calculator to make sure you're staying on track. 

Manage Your Mortgage with Leaders Credit Union

Buying a new home can be intimidating, but it doesn't have to be! If you want to know what kind of mortgage payment you can afford, contact our Mortgage Champions. 

Learn more about homeownership in our free Step-By-Step Guide to Get Pre-Qualified for Your Mortgage.

Check out "How to Buy Your First Home in 2 Years: Step-By-Step Guide."

Leaders Credit Union is federally insured by the NCUA and an equal housing lender.